Medical professionals raise health warnings as IMD issues a yellow alert due to escalating temperatures and increasing health threats.

Temperatures have been rising sharply in Delhi, and medical professionals have cautioned that extreme heat exposure may cause various health problems—ranging from minor rashes and muscle spasms from heavy sweating and salt depletion, to severe ailments such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke. On Monday, Delhi experienced its initial heatwave of the season, with temperatures reaching a maximum of 40.2 degrees Celsius. The city is under a yellow alert at present, which will stay effective until Wednesday.

In the colour coding system of the India Meteorological Department (IMD), a yellow alert signifies “be cautious” and recommends that individuals minimize heat exposure, don lightweight, light-coloured, and loose-fitting cotton attire, and protect their heads. In these circumstances, groups at risk, including children, the elderly, pregnant women, and those with pre-existing conditions like heart or kidney disease, face increased vulnerability.

Dr. Mukesh Mehra, senior director of Internal Medicine at Max Super Speciality Hospital in Patparganj, stated that intense heat can surpass the body’s natural cooling mechanisms, resulting in serious health issues.

“Heatstroke, the most serious form of heat-related illness, occurs when the body temperature exceeds 104°F. It often manifests itself with symptoms such as confusion, dry and hot skin, rapid heartbeat, and even seizures. Other signs include dizziness, headache, nausea, and vomiting,” he explained.

“In such conditions, vital organs like the brain and heart may be strained due to reduced cooling and redirected blood flow. Recognising these symptoms early and seeking immediate medical attention is essential to prevent life-threatening complications,” Mehra added.

Doctors have advised people to stay well-hydrated, avoid stepping out during peak sun hours and wear light, breathable clothes. “If someone shows symptoms of heat-related illness, they should be immediately moved to a shaded or cooler place,” Dr Sharma said. Echoing similar concerns, Dr Mehra stressed the importance of preventive measures against heat-related illnesses.

“As heatwave conditions intensify, prevention is our best protection. Staying hydrated… supports the body’s cooling system. People should limit outdoor activities during peak hours, take regular rest if working outdoors, and gradually acclimatize to rising temperatures,” he said. “Being aware of personal risk factors such as age, chronic illnesses, or medications can significantly reduce the chances of developing heat-related complications like exhaustion or stroke,” Dr Mehra added.